寒1_People around us(一)
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27寒·七下英语·A+班
Grammar · Articles

单数可数名词表示某一个人或事物、职业或首次提及时，用 a / an。

Taking the train is a good way to travel.
She wants to be a scientist.
He is a teacher.
Paper is a useful invention.
I saw an umbrella by the door.
Grammar · Articles

a 用在辅音音素开头的词前，an 用在元音音素开头的词前；要看发音，不只看首字母。

a useful invention
a university
a European country
an hour
an honest person
Grammar Practice

[2021·重庆中考A卷] Taking the train is ___ good way to see the world.

A. aB. anC. theD. /

[2021·重庆中考B卷] I'm going to be ___ great scientist like Yuan Longping when I grow up.

A. aB. anC. theD. /

[2021·江苏扬州中考] As ___ teacher, it's important to be ___ good role model for their students.

A. the; aB. a; theC. a; aD. the; the

[2021·云南中考] Paper is ___ useful invention. It was invented around 2,000 years ago by Cai Lun.

A. aB. anC. /D. the

[2024·江苏宿迁中考] I want to be ___ scientist like Qian Xuesen when I grow up.

A. aB. anC. theD. /
单词妙记
advice
advice
/əd.ˈvaɪs/
n. 建议
妙记: advice (名词 /s/)↔ advise (动词 /z/)
拓展: a piece of advice; give advice; ask for advice
1She gave me a useful piece of advice.
2My teacher often gives me advice on my studies.
3Ask your parents for advice if you need help.
单词妙记
encourage
encourage
/ɪn.ˈkʌr.ɪdʒ/
v. 鼓励; 激励
妙记: en-(使获得) + courage (勇气) → 鼓励; 激励 [discourage]
拓展: encourage sb to do sth; encourage each other; encouragement (n.)
1My parents encourage me to try new things.
2The players encouraged each other during the game.
3Her words of encouragement made me feel better.
单词妙记
retire
retire
/rɪ.ˈtaɪə/
v. (令) 退职;(使) 退休
妙记: retire from work: 离开岗位退休
拓展: retire from work; retire at 60; a retired teacher
1My aunt will retire from work next year.
2His grandfather retired at 60.
3A retired teacher lives next door.
单词妙记
cheerful
cheerful
/ˈtʃɪə.fəl/
adj. 快乐的; 高兴的
妙记: cheer (高兴) + -ful (充满) → 快乐的 [sad]
拓展: a cheerful smile; a cheerful person; remain cheerful
1She welcomed us with a cheerful smile.
2Tom is a cheerful person who laughs a lot.
3He remained cheerful during the long trip.
单词妙记
community
community
/kə.ˈmjuː.nə.ti/
n. 社区
妙记: commun-(共同) + -ity (名词) → 共同生活的社区
拓展: in the community; community centre; local community
1Many older people live in the community.
2We play basketball at the community centre.
3The local community planted trees together.
单词妙记
medical
medical
/ˈmed.ɪ.kəl/
adj. 医学的; 医疗的
妙记: medic-(医学) + -al(...... 的) → 医学的; 医疗的
拓展: medical care; medical examination; medical advice
1The hospital provides good medical care.
2We had a medical examination at school.
3You should ask a doctor for medical advice.
单词妙记
fried
fried
/fraɪd/
adj. 油炸的; 油煎的; 油炒的
妙记: fry (油炸) y 变 i + -ed(...... 的) → 油炸, 煎或炒的
拓展: fried chicken; fried rice; deep-fried food
1We had fried chicken for lunch.
2Dad made fried rice with eggs.
3Eating too much deep-fried food is unhealthy.
单词妙记
wherever
wherever
/weə.ˈev.ə/
conj. 各处; 处处
妙记: where (哪里) 去 e + ever (任何) → 任何地方 → 处处
拓展: wherever you go; wherever you look; wherever you live
1Wherever you go, take care of yourself.
2There are flowers wherever you look.
3You can make friends wherever you live.
单词妙记
future
future
/ˈfjuː.tʃə/
n. 将来; 未来
妙记: future=还没发生的事→ 未来. [past]
拓展: in the future; future plans; a bright future
1I want to become a doctor in the future.
2We talked about our future plans.
3With hard work, she will have a bright future.
单词妙记
soon
soon
/suːn/
adv. 很快; 马上; 不久
妙记: -oon /uːn/: The moon rises soon after noon.(月亮午后不久升)
拓展: see you soon; as soon as; soon after
1I hope to see you soon.
2Call me as soon as you get home.
3It began to rain soon after lunch.
单词妙记
smart
smart
/smɑːt/
adj. 聪明的; 机敏的
妙记: smart=脑子转得快→ 聪明的. [foolish]
拓展: a smart kid; a smart choice; smart enough to
1Lily is a smart kid who learns quickly.
2Taking an umbrella was a smart choice.
3He was smart enough to find the answer.
单词妙记
attention
attention
/ə.ˈten.ʃən/
n. 专心; 注意力
妙记: pay attention: 把注意力集中到某处 [inattention]
拓展: pay attention to; attract attention; full attention
1Please pay attention to the road.
2The bright sign attracted everyone's attention.
3The teacher asked for our full attention.
单词妙记
seldom
seldom
/ˈsel.dəm/
adv. 不常; 很少; 难得
妙记: seldom=频率很低→ 很少 / 不常.
拓展: seldom do sth; very seldom; seldom seen
1We seldom eat out on school nights.
2My brother is very seldom late.
3Snow is seldom seen in this warm city.
单词妙记
bored
bored
/bɔːd/
adj. (对某人 / 事物) 厌倦的; 烦闷的
妙记: bore (使厌倦) 去 e + -ed (感到) → 厌倦的 [interested]
拓展: feel bored; be bored with; be bored by
1I feel bored when I have nothing to do.
2She is bored with the same old game.
3The children were bored by the long speech.
单词妙记
strict
strict
/strɪkt/
adj. 要求严格的; 严厉的
妙记: strict=标准"卡得很紧"→ 严格的. [lenient]
拓展: be strict with sb; be strict about sth; strict rules
1Our coach is strict with us.
2My parents are strict about screen time.
3The library has strict rules about noise.
单词妙记
relative
relative
/ˈrel.ə.tɪv/
n. 亲戚; 亲属
妙记: relat-(亲属关系) + -ive(...... 的) → 亲戚; 亲属
拓展: a close relative; a distant relative; visit relatives
1A close relative helped us move house.
2He received a letter from a distant relative.
3We visit our relatives during the Spring Festival.
单词妙记
uniform
uniform
/ˈjuː.nɪ.fɔːm/
n. 制服; 校服
妙记: uni-(一个与相同) + form (样式) → 制服; 校服
拓展: school uniform; wear a uniform; in uniform
1Our school uniform is blue and white.
2Nurses wear a uniform at work.
3Two police officers arrived in uniform.
单词妙记
personality
personality
/ˌpɜː.sə.ˈnæl.ə.ti/
n. 性格; 个性
妙记: person (人) + -al(...... 的) + -ity (性质) → 性格; 个性
拓展: a friendly personality; a strong personality; different personalities
1Amy has a friendly personality.
2Our new captain has a strong personality.
3The twins have very different personalities.
单词妙记
characteristic
characteristic
/ˌkær.ə.ktə.ˈrɪs.tɪk/
n. 特点; 品质
妙记: character (特征)→ characteristic (典型特点或品质)
拓展: a key characteristic; characteristics of; characteristic of
1Kindness is a key characteristic of a good friend.
2We studied the characteristics of different animals.
3Long ears are characteristic of rabbits.
单词妙记
topic
topic
/ˈtɒp.ɪk/
n. 话题; 标题
妙记: talk about a topic: 围绕一个话题交谈
拓展: the topic of; discuss a topic; change the topic
1The topic of today's lesson is healthy eating.
2We discussed the topic in small groups.
3He changed the topic when I asked about school.
单词妙记
active
active
/ˈækt.ɪv/
adj. 忙碌的; 活跃的
妙记: act (行动) + -ive (具有...... 特点) → 活跃的 [inactive]
拓展: be active in; keep active; take an active part
1She is active in many school clubs.
2Walking every day helps you keep active.
3He took an active part in the class discussion.
单词妙记
smartphone
smartphone
/ˈsmɑːt.fəʊn/
n. 智能手机
妙记: smart (智能) + phone (电话) → 智能电话 → 智能手机
拓展: smartphone app; use a smartphone; put down your smartphone
1This smartphone app helps me learn English.
2My grandfather uses a smartphone to read the news.
3Please put down your smartphone during dinner.
单词妙记
wisely
wisely
/ˈwaɪz.li/
adv. 聪明地; 明智地
妙记: wise (明智的) 保留 e + -ly (副词) → 聪明地 [foolishly]
拓展: choose wisely; spend wisely; use time wisely
1Choose wisely because you can take only one book.
2She spends her pocket money wisely.
3We should use our time wisely before the test.
单词妙记
competition
competition
/ˌkɒmp.ə.ˈtɪʃ.ən/
n. 比赛; 竞赛
妙记: competit-(竞争) + -ion (名词) → 比赛; 竞赛
拓展: enter a competition; win a competition; a singing competition
1Ben entered a writing competition at school.
2Our team trained hard and won the competition.
3My sister is in a singing competition tonight.
单词妙记
shower
shower
/ˈʃaʊ.ə/
n. 淋浴
妙记: 站在喷头下冲洗: take a shower
拓展: take a shower; shower room; shower gel
1I take a shower every morning.
2The shower room is next to the swimming pool.
3This shower gel smells like oranges.
单词妙记
online
online
/ˌɒn.ˈlaɪn/
adj. 在线的
妙记: on (接通) + line (线路) → 接上网络线路 → 在线的 [offline]
拓展: online class; online shopping; online game
1Our online class starts at nine.
2My mother sometimes does some online shopping.
3We played an online game together.
单词妙记
site
site
/saɪt/
n. 建筑工地
妙记: building site → 建筑工地
拓展: building site; work on a construction site; visit the site
1Children must keep away from the building site.
2My uncle works on a construction site.
3The engineer visited the site early this morning.
单词妙记
narrow
narrow
/ˈnær.əʊ/
adj. 狭窄的; 窄小的
妙记: 联想 a narrow road / a narrow door 的狭窄画面. [wide]
拓展: a narrow street; a narrow path; a narrow gap
1Our bus moved slowly along the narrow street.
2A narrow path leads to the lake.
3The cat climbed through a narrow gap in the fence.
单词妙记
superman
superman
/ˈsjuː.pə.mæn/
n. 超人
妙记: super-(超级) + man (人) → 超人
拓展: a real superman; like a superman; no superman
1The little boy thinks his father is a real superman.
2After helping everyone, he felt like a superman.
3I am no superman, so I need some rest.
句型精讲
give up
give up
/ɡɪv ʌp/
认输; 放弃
妙记: give up (sth/doing sth) (也可单独使用，表示认输)
拓展: give up doing sth; give up on sb; never give up
1My father gave up smoking last year.
2Good teachers never give up on their students.
3The race was difficult, but Mia never gave up.
句型精讲
used to
used to
/juːst tə/
曾经
妙记: used (过去的习惯状态) + to (引出过去常做的动作) → 曾经
拓展: used to do sth; used to be; didn't use to
1I used to walk to school every day.
2My sister used to be very shy.
3We didn't use to have a car.
句型精讲
in the future
in the future
/ɪn ðə ˈfjuːtʃə/
在未来
妙记: in (在) + the (表示特指) + future (未来) → 在未来
拓展: in the near future; in the distant future; in future
1We hope to visit you in the near future.
2People may live on Mars in the distant future.
3In future, I will check my work more carefully.
句型精讲
be strict about
be strict about
/biː strɪkt əˈbaʊt/
对...... 要求严格
妙记: be strict about sth (about 后接严格要求对象)
拓展: strict about homework; strict about following rules; strict about screen time
1Our teacher is strict about homework.
2The school is strict about following its safety rules.
3My parents are strict about my screen time.
句型精讲
be worried about
be worried about
/biː ˈwʌrid əˈbaʊt/
担心
妙记: be worried about sth (about 后接担忧对象)
拓展: be worried about sb; be worried about sth; be worried about doing sth
1I am worried about my grandmother.
2She is worried about tomorrow's test.
3He is worried about missing the last bus.
Reading

My grandma / My teacher

1My grandma used to be a doctor, but she retired many years ago. She is kind to everyone and very patient with people, and she is always cheerful.

2Grandma helps many old people in the community with their medical problems. She gives them tips on how to stay healthy. Everyone in the community knows her, and they call her "Doctor Chen".

Reading

My grandma / My teacher

3Grandma takes good care of us. She is a really good cook, and her dishes are the best in the world! Dinner at my grandma's is the happiest time. We all enjoy her wonderful food, and her egg fried rice is my favourite. Wherever I go in the future, I will never forget the taste of her cooking.

4A few weeks ago, my grandma got ill. She is in hospital now. We are very worried, and we hope she gets well soon.(奶奶退休前是医生，退休后仍帮助社区老人，也用美食温暖家人；如今她生病住院，全家都盼望她早日康复。)

Reading

My grandma / My teacher

5Mr Li is my maths teacher. He is really smart. He knows how to keep our attention in class, and his lessons are always interesting. For example, he likes to show us how to solve real-life problems with maths, and tells us stories about famous mathematicians. Sometimes he even uses fun games in his teaching! That's why I seldom feel bored in his maths lessons.

Reading

My grandma / My teacher

6Mr Li is strict about our schoolwork, but he gives us lots of support when we need help. If we cannot work out a difficult maths problem, he will encourage us to think about it in a new way. Mr Li often says, "Never give up, and you'll be successful." I think he is the best teacher in our school.(李老师善用真实问题、数学家故事和游戏使课堂生动；他虽对学业严格，却始终支持并鼓励学生换角度思考、永不放弃。)